Inclined wall base and tile therefor



Feb. 14, 1928. 1,659,253

W. H. FIELD INCLINED WALL BASE AND TILE THEREFOR Filed May 31, 1924 Patented Feb. 14, 1928.

UNl'l'ED STATES WILLIAM H. FIELD, or CLEVELAND, 01110.

1,55 ,253 PATENT OFFICE. M

rncnrnnn WALL BASE sun TILE rrrnnnroia.

Applicationfilcd May 31, 1524. Serial No. 71?,129.

My invention relates to cellar wall bases and tiles therefor, and especially to an improved means of supportng the Outsdecellar walls upon a base having a positively porous portion on the outside thereof to permit flow of water or other liquids draining through the out-side soil to enter such porous portion of the base and there draining into my specially-provided cross: drain tile through apertures in their side walls and flowing thence into properly constructed underground sewers or pipe llnes outward and under the wall into main street sewers or other drainage lines. Itis an object of my invention therefore, to provide efficient means for draining the cellar floor as well as protecting and draining the walls thereof, by providing an inclined wall base permitting and directing liquids to the lowest level thereof and direct such liquids by my special drain tile to a suitable outside pipe line.

To accomplish the above objects, myinvention consists in the structure hereinafter described, recited in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved drain tile;

Figure 2 is a plan View of the same;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the tile, taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2;

Figure l is a longitudinal section taken on line 4-4: of Fig. 1;

Figure 5 is a transverse section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Figure 6 is a side elevation of a cellar wall, inside view, embodying my improvements, and showing the tile underneath the inclined base of the wall;

Figure 7 is a vertical section of a wall, cellar and base, and

Figure 8 is a ground plan of a building showing the arrangement of the cross tile, drains and pipe lines in a proposed cellar bottom and the manner of leading such main pipe line under and outside the wall.

In the drawings, the numeral 10 indicates the wall below the ground surface. this invention not being concerned with the walls above ground. It is not especially material to the pat-entability of this invention whatthe character of the wall itself is, my improvement beinfzespecially concerned with the base on which the wall rests, and the means of draining it. As a suggestive'struc- Ell ture for indicating the. relation of my improved structure to the parts with which it is to be used, I have shown a cellar having a concrete bottom 11 or other suitable surface, shown here as below the'outside ground surface 12.,the outer layer of the wall being designated by 13. k

The outer surface of the 'wall13is plastered over with a coat of cement 9 to render it waterproof, and which extends down to the base or inclined drain to be later described.

This makes certain that all liquid 1 reaching the cellar from the outside must This drain base for thewall is provided inclined from one or more points of the trench toward the deeper portion where my special drain tile 16 is provided to direct the contents thereof into a suitable sewer.

I so construct this base by using for the inclmed drainQl tile whose length and width are substantially uniform and preferably equal, but whose height varies with'theseveral positions at which they are laid. For example, the. tiles for this drain 21 at the position 26 will have a relatively small depth, the under surface when laid being higher than that oftiles of greater height 27 laid in a lower portion of the trench, the tiles for inclined drain 21 intermediate the positions 26 and 27 gradually, inclining downward to thev latter position. I

By so laying for the inclined drain 21, tiles of the described progressively increased height, I am able to provide such eficient wall drains for walls ofdifferent length. the number of tiles varying with the size required, and the number needed for those water seepingunder the wall and along the inclined drain 21. These cross drain tile 16 are laid in a gravel layer 23 to prevent clogtill ging as the water soaks thereinto from the wall base, as above explained. This will be explained in greater detail later in this specification.

My improved drain tile 16 for use especially in draining the bases of cellar walls and other underground tile or brick walls, comprises a body, usually substantially rectangular in cross section, and designated 14:, which has a bottom wall and the lower part of the side walls imperforate. This bottom wall, as the tile is laid in use, is designated 15. One end 25 of the tile 16 is perforated at 31 at the upper portion only, the opposite end of 16 is drawn out in a tubular neck 32 which is well adapted for insertion into a sewer tile of ordinary structure, it being only essential that it have the requisite end opening, the sewer tile being shown in Figs. 3 and 1 in dotted lines.

It is to be noted that'this neck portion 32 is not positioned on the tile concentrically or in line with the axis of the body 1%, but is smaller in radius than the internal measurements of the body 1 1 and is positioned adjacent the bottom 15, leaving above the upper surface of the neck 32 a shoulder 33 permitting the sewer tile to engage the neck without causing the exterior of the sewer tile to unnecessarily interfere with the wall in which the tile 16 is secured. The shoulder 33 is shown very positively in Figs. 1 and 3.

The upper portion of the side and end walls of 16 is apertured as by frusto-conical openings 17 whose smaller ends appear on the outer surface of the walls of the tile, the larger ends being on the inner surface so that clogging of the apertures by solid matter flowing inward from the outside will be prevented. The upper edges of all four walls are beveled inward, as at 24, the upper face of the body 14: being open, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

Operation.-Assuming that the cellar walls are built in a trench upon the layers 21 and 22 with at least two of my new and improved cross drain tiles 16 positioned underneath opposite portions of the wall as at 19 and 20, respectively, with the necks of the tiles directed inward, and the closed ends outward, to restrict the flow of liquids therein toward the inner side of the wall. The usual traps 34: are provided, and pipes are laid underneath the cellar bottom connecting the drain tiles, the traps and a flush pipe 29 together, there being a main outlet sewer pipe 18 leading out under the wall and connecting the entire system with a street sewer (not shown). It is evident, of course, that the main drain 18 will be lower than the tiles 16 at 19 and 20. Any flooding of the soil outside but near the cellar walls will be prevented from entering the *alls at any point above the base layer :21, and here the drain tiles of my invention 16 make a very effective outlet for the water below said cement coat 9, which even discharges and tends to carry oil the water as fast as it may accumulate outside the wall, there being the many apertures 17 in the upper part of the tiles 16 as well as the open top to receive such flow.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters'latcut is 1. The combination with an underground wall structure, of a layer of tile oil graduated depth extending underneath and lengthwise of the wall to serve as a supporting base having a longitudinally-inclined lower surface therefor, a cross drain tile positioned underneath the lower point of and transverse of the inclined base to receive the flow of liquids from said base into the tile, and a sewer pipe line connected with said drain tile and leading therefrom to a suitable outlet. 1

2. The combination with an underground wall structure, of a longitudinally-inclined tilc layer extending underneath and lengthwise of the wall to serve as a supporting base therefor, a drain tile positioned underneath and trai'isversc of said base to receive therefrom any flow of liquids tending to pass underneath said base, the said tile comprising a hollow body having an impcrforate bottom, an open top, one closed and one open end, and means connected with said open end for receiving flow of liquids therefrom and directing it beneath the said wall structure and into a suitable outlet.

3. The combination with an uiulergroiuul wall structure, of a tile layer having a common level upper surface and an inclined low or surface and extending underneath and lengthwise of the wall as a supporting base, a tile at one portion of said layer being shallow while another tile at a lower portion is deeper, the intern'iediate tile of the layer being graduated in depth from the higher to the lower portions of the base, and a drain tile laid underneath and transverse of the tile layer and having an imperfo'ate bottom and an open top, and an open neck portion leading into a suitable sewer pipe.

1. The combination with an underground wall, of a longitudinally-inclined layer of tile of graded depth laid beneath the wall from tile of shallow depth at one point under the wall to a lower point thereof, a drain tile positioned at the lower point of the tile layer and transverse thereof, and a sewer pipe line connected with raid drain tile and leading to a suitable outlet.

WILLIAM H. FIELD. 

